< Previous28 JULY 2018 SI T E S E L E C T IO NWhether it’s rooftop space or space outside the lobby, people want to feel like they’re not in a building.”— David Smith, Vice President, Americas Head of Occupier Research, Cushman & Wake eld“It’s harder and harder to bring in the right people and keep them,” says Adam Felson, founder of the San Francisco-based commercial project management fi rm offi cemorph. “Having a workspace that relates to your core values and allows for people to feel comfortable and happy and safe where they’re working is more valuable than ever.”Results of a recent survey conducted by Cushman & Wakefi eld and CoreNet Global found that attracting and retaining workers is the top challenge for global organizations, and that corporate real estate is “increasingly becoming a signifi cant tool to attract high-quality talent.”“ e competition,” says David Smith, vice president and Americas head of occupier research for Cushman & Wakefi eld, “goes down to the level where landlords are realizing that they need to build out spaces or provide amenities that help their tenants keep their employees happy and engaged. Landlords and occupiers both are thinking about how they create experiences and an environment where employees want to be there and want to stay there. One of the drivers of that is that as technology gets better and better, people can work from anywhere, so the offi ce becomes less and less a place that you have to be and becomes more a place you want to be. e employer has to make it a place people want to be to get people in the offi ce, because there are upsides to people being in the offi ce on a regular basis.”Density: Striking the BalanceCushman & Wakefi eld notes that since the Great Recession, the trend in offi ce space layout has been toward greater employee density. Square footage per employee, the fi rm says, has decreased nationally from sq. ft. (. sq. m.) in to . sq. ft. ( sq. m.) at the end of — a decline of . sq. ft. (. sq. m.) or . percent. While millennial workers are thus accustomed to working in offi ces of higher densities than previous generations of workers, offi cemorph’s Felson says that achieving the right balance can a challenge.“ e ability to have a nice mix of privacy yet collaboration is very important,” says Felson. “A lot of companies don’t really do a good job of fi nding that happy medium. Sometimes they’re trying to cram all these work stations into a big offi ce space, and everyone can hear what everyone’s saying. ey do it because they want people to collaborate, but it’s also an economical way to fi t as many people in there as they can. You really need to think about acoustics, and you need to have quiet areas where people can do their work.”Felson says one remedy to the density quandary is to make it possible for employees to move about within the workspace.“Working -plus hours a week in a six-by-six cube can feel like a really unpleasant life sentence,” he says. “Having diff erent places where people can go and still be productive — whether it’s working out of a kitchen area or conference room or having collaborative spaces that resemble living rooms — is all very helpful.”30 JULY 2018 SI T E S E L E C T IO N“A big part of this,” says Felson, “is being driven by millennials. Often, the people we have the hardest time getting to understand that the offices of yesterday don’t allow for flexibility are the people who have been working in the same office arrangement for decades. It’s the new generation of workers that want to be able to have the agile workplace.Aesthetics matter. Especially the one that Felson calls “the right to light.”“Nobody wants to work in an office space where the only light you have is a big sea of fluorescent fixtures. Having natural light is very important, and that’s why we’re starting to see a lot of companies putting their private offices on the inside and the open office space be on the outside so more people can have access to it.”The Need for AmenitiesCushman & Wakefield’s “Space Matters” report notes that “in light of increasing densities, office occupiers are focusing more on the amenities they can offer to attract, retain and delight employees.”Those amenities can take the form of tenant-focused on-site services such as concierge services, dry cleaning, car washes and day care; physical amenities including fitness centers, conference facilities, restaurants, clubs and in-office entertainment; and technology offerings to bolster the convenience of the workplace and to integrate work with outside life.Smith says the perception of access to nature is proving to be important, as well.“It has a real wellness value. People who are sitting at a desk and doing computer work want as much of that as they can get. Whether it’s rooftop space or space outside the lobby, people want to feel like they’re not in a building and that they’re getting access to light, greenery, and oxygen. Those sorts of things are really valuable and are seen as benefits to the employee and to functionality as well, because people become more effective when they have access to it.”Officemorph’s Felson adds furniture to the list, encouraging employers not to go cheap.“The choices available for materials, color palettes and textures for commercial office furniture have evolved immensely over the past few years,” Felson says. “Selecting corporate office furniture can allow for you to integrate your brand within the workspace to give your employees and guests a unique experience. When a company is bringing in new hires, the space is part of the job interview.“We just finished a project for a client with a space that hadn’t been touched since the 1980’s, and you could certainly tell that it’s very old school,” he continues. “We did a series of changes, most notably having to do with furniture and then some kind of decorative design finishes that we felt needed to be done in order to really help A “bird’s nest” hovers above a seating area in Amazon’s new development called “The Spheres.”Photo courtesy of Amazon32 JULY 2018 SI T E S E L E C T IO Nthem with their recruitment and retention, because they were losing out on some great hires to companies with more modern space. While we didn’t have a formula, it was very clear that this refresh from a design and functionality standpoint was going to move the needle and make some impact.”The SpheresWhile hardly within the budget of just any company, Amazon’s e Spheres, which offi cially opened this year, are a dream-like example of creating an environment for employees that is inviting and inspiring. e three interconnected glass orbs, bathed in natural sunlight, have no enclosed offi ces, conference spaces or desks. Employees can meet in treehouses suspended under -foot-tall trees or in sitting areas on walking paths alongside cascading waterfalls.“Our goal with e Spheres was to create a unique gathering place where employees could collaborate and innovate together,” says John Schoettler, Amazon vice president of global real estate and facilities. “We also asked ourselves what was missing from the modern offi ce, and we discovered that that missing element was a link to nature.” e Spheres are home to more than , plants and species from around the world. e Washington Post noted, “ is architectural showstopper is a new Seattle landmark and Amazon workplace tool that could help the retail giant attract, retain and enhance the productivity and well-being of its fast-growing workforce.” e Spheres beckon to the , employees slated to occupy the novel workspace. But Amazon’s growing sphere of infl uence exerts its own undeniable force.In addition to shopping North America for its ,-job HQ project, Amazon in May also faced a new “head tax” law passed by the Seattle City Council that was to charge employers with annual revenues over $ million roughly $ annually per employee in order to fund programs dealing with homelessness — a growing problem as the city’s costs have skyrocketed in parallel with Amazon’s growth. e Q Cost of Living Index from e Council for Community and Economic Research pegged Seattle in a tie with San Diego for th most expensive urban area among nationally.Amazon employs around , in the metro area, is still adding employees at a healthy clip, and has restarted construction on another When a company is bringing in new hires, the space is part of the job interview.”— Adam Felson, Founder, of cemorphWhen a company is S I T E S E L E C T I O N JULY 2018 33new building that it had paused when a twice-as-costly version of the law was under consideration. But the new law still figured to cost the company nearly $12.5 million.Amazon in June joined with other major employers such as Starbucks to mount a “No Tax On Jobs” campaign to get a referendum onto the November 2018 ballot to repeal the head tax.On June 11th, Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan and Seattle City Council leaders relented, and issued a statement essentially saying, “Uncle.”“We heard you,” they wrote. “This week, the City Council is moving forward with the consideration of legislation to repeal the current tax on large businesses to address the homelessness crisis. The state and region must be full partners and contribute to the solutions, including working for progressive revenue sources,” i.e. taxes that shift the burden proportionally to those who can most afford to pay. But “Seattle taxpayers cannot continue to shoulder the majority of costs, and impacts,” said the mayor and her colleagues.Thus, as the push and pull continues over the true price one must pay for talent, the magnetic field of large employers appears to be at least as powerful as the talent itself. 34 JULY 2018 SI T E S E L E C T IO N34 JULY 2018 SI T E S E L E C T IO NLike the traffi c jams they seek to eliminate, the list of regions claiming “smart city” status grows longer and more congested by the day. What if an objective defi nition could be reached, and relevant data analyzed to fi nd out whose claims were most legitimate?Tracy Hadden Loh, a data scientist at the Center for Real Estate and Urban Analysis at the George Washington University School of Business, says a smart city is characterized by data-driven city management, whether via sets of big data from smartphone apps or from longstanding sources that cities are learning to use in new ways.An Intel-sponsored study by UK-based Juniper Research makes a bold attempt of its own: “A Smart City is an urban ecosystem that places emphasis on the use of digital technology, shared knowledge and cohesive processes to underpin citizen benefi ts in vectors such as mobility, public safety, health and productivity.”You’ve probably encountered smart-city elements here or there in your daily life, driven by sensors in everything from your refrigerator to streetlights, traffi c lights, transit vehicles and power stations. e Juniper research takes account of all that technology, but redirects the focus back to its original purpose: to enable human beings to simultaneously be more productive and retrieve more free time.“Analysts tend to focus on the technical underpinnings of building a data-centric world,” says Windsor Holden, head of forecasting and consultancy at Juniper Research. “We can’t overlook the importance of the real human benefi ts that smart cities have.”Juniper says smart cities have the potential to give back hours to every resident every year. e study ranks the BEYONDWhat’s Smartest? Systems That Help Humans.by ADAM BRUNSadam.br uns @ site s ele c tion.c omBEYONDSMART CITIESBells & Whistles S I T E S E L E C T I O N JULY 2018 35 S I T E S E L E C T I O N JULY 2018 35The Top 20 Global Smart Cities CITY REGION 1 Singapore Asia Paci c 2 London West Europe 3 New York North America 4 San Francisco North America 5 Chicago North America 6 Seoul Asia Paci c 7 Berlin West Europe 8 Tokyo Far East & China 9 Barcelona West Europe 10 Melbourne Asia Paci c 11 Dubai Middle East & Africa 12 Portland North America 13 Nice West Europe 14 San Diego North America 15 Rio de Janeiro Latin America 16 Mexico City Latin America 17 Wuxi Far East & China 18 Yinchuan Far East & China 19 Bhubaneswar Indian Subcontinent 20 Hangzhou Far East & ChinaThe Juniper Research study sponsored by Intel ranked the top 20 global smart cities according to their performance and project deployments across four indices, alongside their published strategies and key goals for future city development.Table courtesy of Juniper Research 11 Dubai Middle East & Africa 12 Portland North America 13 Nice West Europetop smart cities worldwide (see p. ) across four key areas: mobility, health care, public safety and productivity. Chicago, London, New York, San Francisco and Singapore, are the world’s leading cities integrating IoT technologies and connected services.Steff en Sorrell, a senior analyst with Juniper Research, says the ultimate idea of a smart city is to “increase the mobility of a city, and in turn increase its competitiveness.”Juniper ranked Barcelona the top smart city a few years ago, for example, but, Sorrell says, “When you go to the citizens to talk about it, they don’t know what it is, and they ask, ‘What’s in it for us?’ at’s how we came to work with Intel, in order to ask, ‘What is a smart city aiming for, what should its goals be, and what does it mean for a person living inside that city?’ ” e Juniper team purposely took a global view, selecting cities from every world region in order to compare then, but not attempting to make an exhaustive list. Sorrell says one of his fi rst experiences of smart-city technology’s usefulness was the London CityMapper app, whose slogan is “Making cities usable,” and which bills itself as nothing less than “the ultimate transport app.” More cities are hopping on board with such apps, from Berlin and Barcelona to Helsinki and San Francisco. It’s all about moving toward mobility as a service. “Take the idea begun with CityMapper, but create a policy where transport providers integrate their service and performance into a common platform for the city dweller or commuter,” he says. “It essentially becomes the Netfl ix of travel. And hopefully we will build in reduction of congestion as well as private vehicle costs.”Among Sorrell’s global observations is that policy constraints in North America and Europe mean projects move much more slowly than in Chinese cities. “Because they have this top-down structure, things will get done,” he says of China. “Whether for good or bad, the project will get done and budgeted for. at’s probably one of the reasons Singapore is so far ahead of the game, because it’s a city-state. It doesn’t have the constraints other countries and cities have.” Could a smart city paradoxically increase the digital divide or income inequality? Sorrell says it’s a concern. “You could arrive at scenarios where in some cities only those who own smartphones or have a data plan are able to benefi t. One of the key things to focus on in smart city development is to try and make sure citizens are not locked out from the benefi ts.” at applies especially in developing regions, he says, but also in world capitals such as London: “ ere is still that divide that must be addressed.”Can You Be Dense and Smart at the Same Time?Juniper and Intel aren’t the only ones suggesting that “smart” encompasses at least as much humanity as it does digital undercurrent.Research from the Urban Land Institute (ULI) and the Coalition for Urban Transitions, released by CBRE Global Investors in June, shows that smart urban development is synonymous with well-designed, compact cities.published strategies and key goals for future city development.published strategies and key goals for future city development.published strategies and key goals for future city development.published strategies and key goals for future city development.JULY 2018 published strategies and key goals for future city development. 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When gauged by mobility apps implemented, London, Los Angeles, New York, Seoul, Shenzhen, and Singapore had the highest number overall.Models for TomorrowOne example of smart-city ambition can be found in Columbus, Ohio, which received a $-million federal grant as the winner of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Smart City Challenge in . In May, the city unveiled its Smart Columbus Operating System (www.smartcolumbusos.com) in order to “ingest, aggregate, fuse and disseminate mobility data from sources across the city.” e Hong Kong government is investing HK$ million (US$ million) in “Smart Mobility,” “Smart Living,” “Smart Environment,” “Smart People,” “Smart Government” and “Smart Economy.” Among the specifi c programs under those six planks: facial biometric technology incorporated at key checkpoints at Hong Kong International Airport; fi ntech initiatives; and the launch of a fast-track talent admission scheme in to admit technology talents from overseas and mainland China. e Intelligent Community Forum in June named Espoo, Finland, a city of ,, as its Intelligent Community of the Year. Among the reasons was the decision by Finland’s Parliament to declare that access to Mbps broadband is a legal right. Today, Finland ranks second in the world for mobile broadband adoption, according to the OECD. It is also one of the leading countries in Europe for ultra-broadband adoption, with more than percent of households having access to a fi xed connection of Mbps.LuxTurrim G, a three-year pilot project, engages Espoo companies and research institutions in evaluating smart light poles as transmitters for G, the emerging mobile standard. 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permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-A June report from the McKinsey Global A June report from the McKinsey Global and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, and good governance.city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and clustering structure (land use patterns within cities and regions), economic and employment infrastructure (availability of investment, jobs, and talent), built infrastructure (physical density and mixture of uses), green and blue infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, density and mixture of uses), green and blue infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, and good governance.and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, local labor markets more effi cient and slightly local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business local labor markets more effi cient and slightly local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points social connectedness and civic participation, out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy local labor markets more effi cient and slightly out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. When gauged by mobility apps implemented, London, Los Angeles, New York, Seoul, New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, London, Los Angeles, New York, Seoul, Shenzhen, and Singapore had the highest convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local local labor markets more effi cient and slightly local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business “digitizing government functions such as business social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, When gauged by mobility apps implemented, Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and a more livable future,” assessed how smart-infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, and good governance.infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, and good governance.and good governance.and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global and good governance.and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make jobs and the cost of living. e report points Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, city applications could aff ect safety, time and city applications could aff ect safety, time and convenience, health, environmental quality, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”entrepreneurial business climate.”for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more social connectedness and civic participation, jobs and the cost of living. e report points out, “Becoming a smart city is not a strategy for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business a more livable future,” assessed how smart-city applications could aff ect safety, time and density and mixture of uses), green and blue infrastructure, public transport infrastructure, and good governance.A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for a more livable future,” assessed how smart-New York, Seoul, Singapore, and Stockholm. local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local for job creation, but smart solutions can make local labor markets more effi cient and slightly lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local enterprises from red tape, contributing to a more entrepreneurial business climate.”Among the most advanced are Amsterdam, A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for A June report from the McKinsey Global Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for Institute, “Smart cities: Digital solutions for lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, lower the cost of living.” Among the benefi ts, “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local “digitizing government functions such as business licensing, permitting, and tax fi ling can free local The ‘roboat’ project — a research collaboration between MIT and AMS, the Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions — seeks to design and test the world’s rst eet of autonomous boats in the city of Amsterdam, recognized by many as a model for smart cities of the future.Images courtesy of MITNext >