New or expanded transit projects costing in excess of $1 billion each are reported in many locations around the world. Some of them are:
Colombia -- Bogota is planning a $4.3 billion heavy rail system.
India -- New Delhi has begun a $1.4 billion construction program.
Taiwan -- Kaohsiung is inviting proposals for a $7 billion system.
Singapore -- A $1.7 billion expansion includes a 7-mile (11-km.) underground link.
Taiwan -- A $4 billion, 45-mile (72-km.) system is under development at Tainan.
Indonesia -- Jakarta is planning a $2 billion light rail system.
Taiwan -- Taichung plans a $7 billion system.
Taiwan -- Taipei plans a $16 billion system.
Mexico -- Tijuana is planning the first phase of a $1 billion light rail system.
Malaysia - A contract has been let for a $1.1 billion link between Kuala Lumpur and new airport.
Greece -- Thessaloniki is building a new system to open in 2004.
USA -- New York is planning an $18 billion Second Avenue subway.
China -- A new subway system is proposed for Guangzhou.
USA -- Seattle is building a $3.9 billion light rail system.
Puerto Rico -- Design work is under way on a $1.7 billion "Tren Urbano" project.
China -- Hong Kong is investing $8 billion in its West Rail project.
USA -- Orlando is planning a $1 billion link from city to theme park.
Brazil -- Sao Paulo is proposing a $2 billion subway extension.
USA -- BART is planning a $1.5 billion extension to San Francisco airport.
Philippines -- Manila is building a $1 billion link.
There are other noteworthy projects at Athens, Tel Aviv and Bangkok. In the United States there are projects at Dallas, Los Angeles, Houston and Denver.
New Towns, Redevelopment, Mixed-Use Projects
Mixed-use urban projects range across a broad spectrum -- from stand-alone new towns to redevelopment of areas damaged by wars or natural disasters. Some interesting projects include:
USA -- Hillwood Development "Victory" project. 48 acres (19 hectares) in downtown Dallas.
Japan -- Diet has approved a new capital city to replace Tokyo as government center.
Cote D'Ivoire -- Planning new capital city.
Malaysia -- New $8 billion "Putrajaya" government center near Kuala Lumpur.
Kazakhstan -- Developing new capital at Akmola. $1.5 billion.
Japan -- Kobe. $50 billion reconstruction following earthquake.
Lebanon -- Beirut. Reconstruction of city center.
Germany -- Berlin. New Potsdamer Platz construction.
Yugoslavia -- Kosovo. War damage repair.
Bosnia -- War damage repair.
Kuwait -- $6 billion Subbiya new town, causeway.
Egypt -- Seven new towns including Sadat City, Tenth of Ramadan, New Ameriya.
Pakistan -- Plans for a $12 billion high-tech city near Islamabad.
China -- Tin Shui Wai, now well under way, is Hong Kong's 8th new town.
China -- Hong Kong's latest new town is Tung Chung, to house 320,000 by 2011.
USA -- Disney group developing a $2.5 billion Celebration City near Orlando.
UAE -- Sharjah plans four new towns.
Egypt -- Dreamland, $1.5 billion project near Cairo.
USA -- Playa Vista $8 billion, 1,000-acre (405-hectare) project near Marina Del Rey.
Austria -- Eurogate Vienna designed by Sir Norman Foster.
USA -- Mission Bay complex. $4 billion San Francisco.
China -- Shanghai Pudong. $15 billion project continues to grow.
USA -- Newhall Ranch. 21,000-acre (8,505-hectare) new town near Los Angeles/Ventura county line.
USA -- Gold Rush City. 5,800 acres (2,349 hectares) near Stockton.
USA -- Atlantic Steel mill site redevelopment in Atlanta.
Project Data Base
Overall, our file now includes more than 2,000 super projects. Approximately one third are in the talking stage. That is, someone has proposed the project, but no sponsor has yet committed to fund it. Another third of the projects in the file is in an intermediate stage -- a sponsor has funded one or more conceptual plans or feasibility studies, but no construction contract has been let. The final third is projects under construction.